Shoehorn Sonata Speech + Related Text Essay Example for Free

Shoehorn Sonata Speech + Related Text EssayAt age 15, you are thrown into a fight, fighting for your life and your will to live is slowly diminishing. Are you scared? Probably, but you know that if you show fear, everyone will see you as being weak. This is what the primary(prenominal) protagonists of both the play, Shoe Horn Sonata by John Mistro and the movie, Hunger Games directed by Gary Ross endured. Together with photographs, cinematic techniques and symbols, these texts represent the devastation of war, the bonds of association forged during a war and their respective will to survive. Friendship is defined as a relationship between friends. In Shoe Horn Sonata, when Sheila and Bridie first meet, it seems unlikely that they will ever be friends. They are complete polar opposites. Sheila cynical statement People always get on when theyre tossed in together. Id hardly discover that friendship. , reinforces that Bridie and Sheila initially formed a friendship out of desper ation to survive, not because there was mutual affection for each other. Bitter shadowiness is utilised to convey Shelias survival instincts are prioritised over tender friendship.Additionally the alliteration of tossed in together reflects how people in war lead no choice of their companions, that it pushes them together in survival. Similarly in the Hunger Games , the friendships that Katniss makes with both Rue and are forged out of necessity and need quite a than sentiment. Rue and Katniss team up as they both have valuable skills assets that the other would like to utilise to their advantage such as when Rue manages to labor a weapon unnoticed using the trees. In many ways, an alliance with Rue is an alliance to District 11 which Katniss can use to her benefit.Peter and Katniss act as if they are lovers in a ploy for the audience as a means to survive as seen when Katniss receives a note from Haymitch asking You call that a kiss? . The sarcastic tone makes Katniss realise t hat the ploy will be futile as if Haymitch is doubtful then others will be too. both(prenominal) texts show that although they may not have been friends in normal percentage, war has pushed them together and this has attributed to them surviving. Symbols are also used in both texts to represent the protagonists entrust and survival.For example, the shoehorn in Shoe Horn Sonata is first seen when the girls are in the water and Bridie uses it to wake Sheila up and prevent her from drowning. In this scene, it a metaphorical and object lesson an object of survival and the will to live. As the play goes on, the shoehorn symbolises family for Bridie and sacrifice for Sheila but in the end it unites the girls and demonstrates that not only did they survive the war, they survived the effects of the war as well. Caramel is another symbol of survival.It was the only luxury the girls had during the camp and it had to last till the end of the war. The caramel was even important ample that it was written into the girls wills. This conveys to the audience that the girls clung to the hope that they would eventually be released from the prison camp. On the other hand, in Hunger Games, the mockingbird pin was not only Katnisss link to her district, but a symbol of her love for her father as well as her survival. The pin is a representation of a creature with a spirit of her own.By breaking free of the Capitols control this show that the Capitol does not have complete control of the districts. Katniss, like the mockingjay, has escaped from the Capitols adhesive friction which is why the pin symbolises her survival and spirit. The photographs shown during interview in Shoe Horn Sonata support the dialogue and give the audience a opthalmic representation of what the girls went by dint of during the camp. In scene 7, you see visuals of what the prisoners looked like during the camp. They are emaciated, haggard and impoverish.The effects of the imprisonment of the innocent is clearly highlighted during these photographs. The stark black and white photos depicting the harrowing effects of mistreatment of innocents evokes sympathy towards the prisoners from the viewer and loathing for their captors. In contrast, within the Hunger Games, the film is seen as whirs and jolts with sharply edited scenes intercutting from perspective to perspective which represents Katnisss interior turmoil and her agitation which accompanies those new changes.Her life is unpredictable and this is shown as the camera shakes around representing the sudden changes in her life and well as extreme immense shots used to give the audience a general impression of the places she goes. Little detail can be seen in these scenes which corresponds to the insignificance of these places to Katniss. The audience witnesses the consequences of these changes but to everyone else, they are otiose to see this because of the defensive stoic mask she wears.In conclusion, the protagonists in Sho e Horn Sonata and the Hunger Games have survived horrors unimaginable to us and through distinctively visual techniques such as , photographs, cinematic techniques and symbols, we are able to grasp a small idea of what they have endured on their journey. Therefore, thus despite common circumstances being the catalyst for friendship in times of war, strife and horror they are able to triumph over their circumstances because of the sustenance that this unexpected friendship provides them.

Factors Affecting Essay Example for Free

Factors Affecting EssayThis paper examines the factors affecting students c arer resource of report in Nigerian university. The study was conducted using the survey with a taste population of 300 undergraduates from three universities. It has been discovered that the factors affecting students public life choice of accounting are numerous yet they can be group into personal, reference and chisel factors. The findings indicate that personal and gambol factors such as students interest and motivation in the subject, job prospects and steep pay, performance in secondary school are the most influencing factors of students choice of accounting. In particular, male students were set to be more influenced by the reference factors than their female counterparts in the choice of accounting. The paper recommends the need for enlightenmentand counseling of the students and their wards about career choice in accounting..Keywords Accounting, personal factors, job- tie in factors, c hoice1. conception In recent years, the declining of accounting students has become a major concern to the accounting profession (Hunt, Falgiani Intrieri, 2004). For instance, in the US the decline has been attributed to many factors such as change in the business environment, decrease in salary level, alternative careers apprehendd as more attractive to students, misunderstanding and lose of information related to the accounting career (Albrecht Sack,2000). In Nigeria, the choice of accounting tends to rank among separate professional courses like law, medicine, engineering ,economics etc. Although many researchers find considered the factors affecting students career choice in accounting, there is dearth of researches in relation to accounting in Nigeria.Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the factors which influence students choice of accounting in Nigerian universities and determine whether there are significant differences between male and female accountin g students in the choice of accounting. The rest of the paper is organized as follows Section two reviews the relevant literature on the factors.Section three is the methodology adopted. The data analysis and research findings are documented in Section quaternary and the overall conclusions regarding these results are presented in Section five. 2. Literature review There have been many researches carried out in both developing and developing countries to differentiate factors influencing students choice of accounting.Some of the factors considered were subjective factors such are social, cultural, sociological, psychological and personal factors. Others are the objective factors or both categories (Zhang, 2006). Factors frequently cited as determinants of students career choice are intrinsic values, financial rewards, job market and the cost-benefit. Some of these factors are long term salary possibilities, prestige of the profession, job security and starting salary. It has been constitute that students consider stereotype about the different careers when making their decisions .Yayla Cengiz (2005) find respondents own choice, family, environment, raise profession, earningsexpectations and job opportunities play a significant role in choosing an accounting career. These factors are grouped into personal, reference or and job related factors and considered in subsequent sections. 2.1 Personal Factors Many researchers have identified that the choice of accounting is influenced by the students interest.For instance, Zhang (2006) finds students interest in the subject and strength very important in making choice to study accounting. Other factors like quantitative skills and intellectually challenging in addition influence students choices (Mladenovic,2000, Zhang, 2006).When students see accounting as interesting and enjoyable, they are more likely to choose it (Saemann Calero, 1999., Adam et al 1994., Mauldin et al, 2000).This finding was back up by resu lts of Jackling Calero (2006) where intrinsic rewards such as enjoyment of the topics in accounting influence career in accounting. Kaur Leen (2006) establish that students choices of major is influenced by factors such as gender, race, quantitative skills, interest in the subject, expected marketability, performance in major classes, the approachability and teaching reputation of faculty member.Cohen Hanno (1993) conduct a survey of 287 students who had every declared or int stop to declare themselves as accounting major and those who had either declared or intended to declare themselves as major in a field other than accounting. The results indicated that non-accounting majors may choose accounting because they believe accounting to be too number-oriented and wearisome. 2.2 Reference Group Previous studies affirm that referent group such as parents, parents occupation, instructors in high school and friends could influence studentschoice of major (Pimpa, 2007, Kim et al, 200 2, Paolilo Estes 1982, Geiger Ogibly 2000, Mauldin et al, 2000, Kim et al,2002). Family plays a critical role in a childs career development (Guerra Braungart-Rieker, 1999). High school teachers and college instructors play a significant role in students final choice of business major. However, Hardin et al (2000) find high school educators to have a relatively low opinion of accounting as a career option for high school students.Similarly, parents and instructors had a surd influence on students choice of majors (Inman et al, 1989, Mauldin et al, 2000., Tan Laswad, 2006).Mauldin et al (2000) investigate the choices of accounting major and find the largest percentage of students who chose accounting as their major during the first of all accounting course in college (41%) followed by selection during high school (34%).They also find twelve factors that influence the students decisions to include career opportunities, interest in the subject, instructors, money, parents, enjoym ents, previous experience, life style opportunity because of the career, challenge, prestige, usefulness in rating a business and other students. Among referents, the instructor was found to be the most important factor. 2.3 Job Related Factors Job attributes are the most important factors that influence the choice of career among undergraduates. The job related include the job itself, compensation or security and the company or work environment (Moy Lee, 2002, Teo Poon (1994).The influencing factors are job satisfaction (Paolilo Estes,1982), higher earnings, prestige and career betterment (Kim,et al, 2002). Lowe Simons (1997) study the relative richness of 13 factors influencing the choice of business major. They find that the most important criteria influencing the choice of major business students are future earnings, career options, initial earnings and ability/aptitude. Moreover, they find distinguishable differences among majors. For example, accounting students were in fluenced by external factors such as long term earnings, initial earnings and career options whereas marketing majors highlighted interesting subject matter and management majors rated self employment opportunities highly.These findings support the results that students choice of business major are influenced by earnings, prestige and career advancement (Tan Laswad, 2006, Maudlin et al 2000, Felton et al, 1994). Noland et al (2003)find the factors influencing major selection by accounting and information systems majors are long- term salary possibilities, prestige of the profession, job security, and starting salary the influence of a professor, family members and difficulty of the subject matter are rated much lower.Kim et al (2002) conducted a study on business majors (accounting, finance, general business, management, marketing, management information system and double major). They discovered that the top five reasons for choosing a major were interest in a career, good job oppo rtunities, good fit with respondents abilities, a desire to run a business some day and projected earnings in the related career. The least selected reasons for choosing a major were thereputation of the major at the university, the perceived quality of instruction, the parents influence, the amount and type of promotional information and the influence of friends. 2.4 Perception of Accounting Accounting didactics has been the subject of considerable debates since 1980s.Prior researches document that introductory accounting students have negative perception of accounting. Accounting is attractive to the students in terms of profession but the negative views regarding the nature and role of accounting persist (Fisher Murphy, 199558). Societys perception of the legitimacy of the accounting profession and its members is grounded in the verbal and visual images of accountants that are projected not only by accountants themselves but also by the media. How accountants are portrayed in m edia have a significant impact on the accounting profession. Typically, accountants have been referred to as number crunchers, focusing on numerical accuracy, routine recording and calculation methods.Abrecht Sack (2000), Cory (1992), Garner Dombrowski (1997) attribute the negative perception to misinformation or lack of information about accounting and the duties performed by accountants. To date, efforts by professional accounting bodies and firms to change the negative and inaccurate perception of accountancy and accountants have yielded limited conquest (Jackling Calero, 2006). Byrne Willis (2005) maintain that the public view of accountants is generally negative and that this perception might discourage potential students from studying the subject. Similarly, Cohen Hanno (1993) find that the perception of accounting as boring and excessively number- oriented might lead student to choose other majors than accounting. Furthermore, the traditional view of accounting as invol ving precision and order has been found to drive creative people away from the profession.In addition, many bright young people are seeking careers in professional fields other than accounting as a result of the poor image of the accounting profession (Saemann Crooker 1999, Cohen Hanno,1993).The personal image of accountants and how they market themselves are more important than the price, increase and Smart.Anyone whose success depends upon or requires the cooperation of another individual or group needs a positive personal image. Unfortunately, high-quality students hardly ever perceive accountants as they perceive themselves. People regard accountants as boring, middle- aged men sitting in a back office with a calculator and a stack of flies. As a consequence, the accounting profession does not always attract high quality students. Whether a person chooses to pursue an accounting career may be determined by the image of accountants in the media. Byrne Willis (2005) find that perceptions of accounting are influenced by factual media.Mathus Fowler (2009) find that the portrayal of accountants in the media could be recalled by the sampling group. Tan Laswad (2009) in an extension of their 2006 study survey university students at the beginning and end of their degree. The comparisons between accounting and non accounting students reveal that those who intended to major in accounting generally hold positive attitudes towards the accounting profession. Tan Laswad (2009) found that a higher proportion of accounting students decide on their major prior to university study. Therefore they recommended that the accounting profession should promote the positive aspects of accounting career not only to pre-university students but also to the public as this strategy would invoke the public profile of members of the profession. 2.5 Status of accounting compared with other professions Students are more likely to aspire to a career that is held in high esteem by soc iety.In the Byrne Willis (2005) study, accounting students ranked accounting ranked 5th and non-accounting students ranked it 7th among ten professional courses. Irish high schools ranked accountants behind doctors, lawyers, dentists and architects as professionals. In the United States, the Gallun organization (1991) reported that both high school and university students rated the accounting profession last among six professions of law, medicine, teaching, engineering, financial planning and accounting.In a New Zealand study, the accounting profession was ranked lower in social status compared to the profession of law, medicine and engineering by high school teachers. This was also the view of high school teachers in the United States (Hardin et al, 2000) and Japan (Sagahara et al, 2006) 3. Methodology The population of interest comprised all accounting students in three (3) universities University of Benin (UNIBEN), Igbinedion University Okada (IUO) and Ambrose Alli University (A AU). The sample size of it was made up of three hundred (300) full and part-time accounting students from these universities.The total number include two hundred (200)accounting students from UNIBEN, fifty (50) from IUO and fifty (50) students from AAU. The data for this study was mainly from the administration of questionnaire. A total of 300 questionnaires were administered and retrieved from the respondents representing a response rate of 100%.The likert scaletype close ended questions was used .The data was analysis using percentage analysis, independent t-test and regression analysis.The t-test was used to find out if there was significant difference between male and female accounting students in the choice of accounting. The descriptive statistics of the respondents is shown in table 1 below.

George Walker Bush Essay Example for Free

George Walker scrub EssayGeorge Walker scouring became the chairperson of fall in States of the States on January 20, two hundred1. As the President of U. S, he had taken many wrong decisions that affected the economy and fo master policy of U. S. He was winning in lying, cheating, killing and drinking his way to the top. He was victorious in his supposed war of terrorism on two countries and continuously killing and harming innocents. George provides War on Terrorism George Walker Bush has not been successful as a President. As a leader, he assumed approximately absolute power soon after the September 11, 2001, barrages.He led the war against terrorism and championed both the USA Patriot deed of conveyance and Homeland credentials Department domestically which allowed his governments to take up absolute power over the aspects of the international war on terrorism which included electric chairial term of military tribunals and removing fundamental rights long recogn ized under the American law. Again Bush was successful in defending unilaterally by expanding his authority as he saw fit to accomplish his aims and objective with tabu any regard to any of the fundamental rights of human beings which all people have whether they are American or not (Altman, 24).He was successful in launching his war of terrorism shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks. Like a dictator, he ordered the Taliban to surrender Osama Bin Laden. In response, Taliban tried their aim best to bring Bin Laden to be trialed under Islamic law. At this, Bush do the decision to invade Afghanistan. After successfully capturing Afghanistan, the U. S captured various prisoners who he believed were associated to Al-Queda. The trouble was that many of the so called accomplices to Al-Qaeda were teenagers. Bush next target was to attack Iraq. In early 2002, Bush declared that Iraqis were developing weapons of mass destruction.He in like manner announced that Iraqi regime was re sponsible for developing anthrax, nerve squander and nuclear weapons for over a decade (Andrew, 52). Based on this assumption, the United Nations sent a group of inspectors to Iraq to investigate on it. After a dogmatic and comprehensive search, the UN announced that were no nuclear weapons in Iraq but this was not sufficient answer for Bush. He took the decision to invade Iraq in March, 2003. There was no approval of force found with the United Nations. By doing this, Bush broke all global war covenants. His main intention to wage war on Iraq was for oil.By attacking Iraq, he is getting $5million out of Iraq per week. On attacking Iran, Bush decided to withdraw from the World Court of Law and made a decision that the policies and guidelines of United Nations were completely irrelevant. This showed that Bushs intentions were to invade Iraq at any cost in order to get control of the oil fields. Bush as a leader George Bush with the help of Clarence Thomas has taken the most far-re aching and drastic alkalipoint, encouraging the governments right to confine level(p) American citizens as adversary opponents without allegations.The former deputy assistant legal representative in Bushs Office of Legal Counsel, John Yoo, stand for presidents right to order torment if he considers it essential for nationwide security. Its not surprising to know that Bush is considered an imperial president who is transgressing assembly and establishing is own laws (Bacevich, 36). The significance of this is the detail that Bush is implementing unrestricted authority and influence and getting away with it because of his campaign in the name of freedom and terrorism.As the president of United States of America, Bush has failed to defend Americas freedom and has given birth to his own democracy. He views all threats to his ultimate power as unpatriotic and he had used this early in the war effort and removal of Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan and invading Iraq on false account. Becau se of his actions, the composing of United States of America has become meaningless. George Bush has acted more like an imperialist rather than president by imposing his views on the local and overseas affairs calling for removal of other nations leaders for the name of democracy.Bush and Education in United States He had passed the No Child left hand Behind Act which was suppose to aid schools achieve better grade levels and improved state tests. However, Bush had failed to provide adequate resources to help schools to accomplish the standards of the act (Balmer, 69). Bush and United States Economy When Bush started his term as the president of United States, he made many tax deductions that generally assisted the wealthy. gold that was earned through stock ownership was not taxed but money that was earned by hardworking individuals was to be taxed. The unemployment rate in Bush reign has increased from 4.2% to 5. 6%. About 2. 4 million jobs were lost in 2003. The unemployment r ate went to 9% in 2005. Surveys conducted in 2005 showed that there are 9 million American who are unemployed. The unemployment rate among those aged 16-24 was 13% in 2005 (Blumenthal, 74). Although Bush proposed to eliminate Youth Opportunity Grant program that aims to give cultivation to youngsters. A $225 million program in 2002 was being done away. His proposal of free trade agreements resulted in the loss of job in the United States of America to global market and taking advantage of workers from developing countries (Barber, 39).Bush and Environmental Issues Bush had approved the Clear Skies Act that challenges the Clean Air Act. The Clean Skies Act allows about 9. 9 million tons of varied chemical toxins to be released in air than the Clean Air Act would have if it was implemented. Bush also failed to defend 3 million acres of Tongass National Forest from logging and also had the maximum concentration of bald eagles on earth. He also withdrew from the Kyoto agreement on glob al warming which had been agreed upon by more than 170 countries (Benjamin, 98). He had also made frequent efforts to authorize oil drilling in the National Wildlife Refuge.Other Facts about Bush He has cut funding for about 375000 low income college students and reduced Pell Grant amounts to such a drastic level that it efficiently caused about 84000 students to be no longer being suitable for Pell Grants. Pell amounts have been cut down for 1. 5 million students. He backed out from the International Criminal Court. He was also the first president in US history who rejected the United Nations Election Inspectors. He had taken 11 authorized measures to undermine reproductive rights. He is also the first president of United States who had criminal record.He had also slashed financial support that was provided to women against violence. He also responsible for 521 billion dollar financial plan shortage in less than period of four years after inheriting 200 billion dollar surplus Concl usion The evaluation of George Walker Bush as the President of United States and compared to previous presidents proves that he was the wrong choice for United States of America. With military troops dying and no end to war, Bush has strained relations with other foreign countries. The strong backing of many nations has been lost by the United States because of Bushs wrong choices.There have been immense modifications that have occurred due to Bush Administration. Digging deep into the economical, social and political features of U. S, Bush has changed the face of U. S. Work Cited Altman, Daniel. Neoconomy George Bushs Revolutionary Gamble with Americas Future. New York Public Affairs, 2004, 2005. Andrew, Christopher. For the Presidents Eyes Only clandestine Intelligence and the American Presidency From Washington to Bush. New York Harper Collins, 2007. Bacevich, Andrew J. American Empire The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press, 2002 . Balmer, Randall. Thy Kingdom Come How the Religious Right Distorts the Faith and adventures America, An Evangelicals Lament. New York Basic Books, 2006. Barber, Benjamin R. Fears Empire War, Terrorism, and Democracy. New York W. W. Norton, 2003, 2004. Benjamin, Daniel and Steven Simon. The Age of Sacred Terror Radical Islams War Against America. New York Random House, 2004. Blumenthal, Sidney. How Bush Rules Chronicles of a Radical Regime. Princeton Princeton University Press, 2006.

Effects of Agenda for Change on Psychologists

Effects of docket for Change on PsychologistsWhat is Agenda for Change?What are the likely implications of Agenda for Change for clinicalpsychologists and other healthcare staff working inthe UK?Agenda for Change, implemented in December two hundred4, is a comprehensive founder reform package for 1.2 one thousand million NHS staff. It has brought about improved correlation between career and pay, proving to be the biggest overhaul in this area for 50 years.As part of Agenda for Change, the NHS Job evaluation Scheme has helped coordinate rates of pay with a pecking order of job profiles. The Job Evaluation Group, a subgroup of the NHS staff council, has so far produced over 200 national job profiles.On a more personal level the NHS Knowledge and Skills modelling was introduced to advance the interrelation between education, development and career progression. This Framework will develop a culture of lifelong learning in the NHS, promoting annual development surveils and encou raging staff learning.Agenda for Change aims to boost team spirit and staff retention, as well as improving diversity and family-friendly flexibility. Furthermore, as a result of pay improvements, it is hoped that the ashes will precipitate long term improvements in every aspect of patient care and service delivery. These changes aim to include a reduction in waiting times, improvement in the feel of treatment/care, and upgraded working practises.NHS Job Evaluation SchemeJob Evaluation attempts to provide a systematic approach to determining the relative worth of jobs at bottom a workplace. The Scheme makes provision for most NHS jobs to be matched to nationally evaluated profiles on the basis of information from job descriptions, person specifications and humanitarianal information. National job profiles additionally provide a framework against which to check the consistency of local evaluations.Job Evaluation itself does not determine the rate of pay it simply produces a hi erarchy of jobs. It examines the demands made by the job and the value of the job in the organisation.In March 2005 Clinical psychologists profiles were recapitulationed profiles are intended to apply to all psychologist jobs in the wellness Service, (Amicus the Union 2004).At the end of March 2006, 99% of all NHS staff had been moved to the Agenda for Change terms and conditions, and since June 2006 the NHS has invested 1.1 billion in staff.The new pay systemThe impetus behind Agenda for Change was the need to address pay in sufficientity, Thus the new system aims to create equal pay for equal work, with a series of three pay spinesDoctors and DentistsNursing and Other health ProfessionalsNHS staff, (excluding the most senior managers). (Agenda for Change NHS terms and conditions of service handbook, January 2005)Both the second and troika pay spine will be divided into nine pay bands, and within each band there will be a occur of pay points. The Job Evaluation Scheme determin es the correct pay band for each post and thus the correct pay.The NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework (KSF) and the development review process.KSF and the development review process is the core of the career and pay progression outlined in Agenda for Change. By October 2005 all staff had in addition to updated job descriptions a description of the knowledge and skills needed to do a job. KSF concentrates on how acquired knowledge and skills might be applied in certain areas. (Department of Health 2004)Everyone has their own personal development plan, created jointly in discussion with their line manager. Each year there will be a joint review of the work where new targets for development are set. At the first one, the psychologist (or other NHS staff) agrees on a personal development plan with their line manager. The aim is to assemble these targets and then move up one pay point. There are two points called gateways in each pay band. The first gateway takes place no later than 12 months after appointment to ensure that the appointee can meet the basic demands of the post. The second gateway is set at a bushel point towards the top of the pay band.ImplicationsPositiveIn June 2004 the final draft for psychology job profiles, job evaluation, job descriptions and person specifications was ready. It was a thorough and luxuriant document, agreed to be beneficial for clinical psychologists. For example, it included a Job description and Personal specification suitable for newly qualified clinical psychologists called anchor ring 7 8a, making it possible to move from band 7 to 8 within a couple of years. (Amicus 2004).KSF encourages positive learning development and career progression, bragging(a) the individual more freedom and control over their career. The objectivity of the frameworks for reviewing and evaluating clinical work can be advantageous. However, evaluations will always be dependant upon the kin between the persons involved, giving room for d ifferences of opinions and idiosyncrasies.NegativeThe announcement in autumn 2005 of around 13000 job cuts for nurses in NHS was in part the result of hospital trusts efforts to counterpoise the books in the aftermath of the hugely increased wages bill brought about by the implementation of Agenda for Change (The Guardian, 2006).Although no job cuts for clinical psychologists encounter been announced, there is a tendency to withdraw funding when vacancies arise. (Amicus 2006)The reduced staffing level increases the workload for existing staff, perhaps to a degree that the increased pay doesnt compensate for.Increased demand for back pay1ConclusionAlthough the implementation of Agenda for Change has been fraught with difficulties and economic unrest there are indications that the new system is bringing about positive changes in some areas. In the Agenda for Change Briefing (June 2006) NHS employers stated that the reform has been a achiever story. However, many organisations are o nly now coming to the end of the implementation period and it will take at least a year or two for success criteria to emerge. In conclusion, it is perhaps too early to fairly evaluate the implications for clinical psychologists and other health care staff.ReferencesAgenda for Change NHS terms and conditions of service handbook, January 2005 in stock(predicate) from http//www.dh.gov.uk/PolicyAndGuidance/HumanResourcesAndTraining/ModernisingPay/AgendaForChange/fs/enAccessed 7/11/06Amicus, the Union, Clinical psychologist and psychology assistant profiles, 2004Available fromhttp//www.amicustheunion.orgAccessed 8/11/06Amicus, the Union Grading guidance for clinical psychologists,2004http//www.amicustheunion.org/Amicus, the Union, Press Release, folk 2006 Available Fromhttp//www.amicustheunion.org/Department of Health Agenda for Change What will it mean for you? A guide for staff, 11/10/2004 Available from http//www.dh.gov.uk/PublicationsAndStatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyA ndGuidance/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidanceArticle/fs/en?CONTENT_ID=4090842chk=djtkBcAccessed 8/11/06Department of Health The NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework (NHS KSF) and the Development Review Process (October 2004) Available from http//www.dh.gov.ukAccessed 8/11/06The Guardian, April 24, 2006Cumbrian nurses finally get equal pay hard currency Personnel Today, Jan 2006Footnotes1 See article in Personnel Today concerning the case of hundreds of nurses lodging equal pay complaints as a result of the new NHS Agenda for Change pay system (Personnel Today, January 2006).

Domestic Violence Campaign in Malaysia

interior(prenominal) Violence Campaign in MalaysiaIntroductionWhat is domesticated violence? internal violence is define as any form of aggressive and violent behaviour afflicted on family members or partners, regardless of gender, sexuality, race, culture or minimize (Definition, n.d.).On 8th March 2014, the campaign NoExcuseForAbuse was launched in conjunction with International Womens Day. The campaign is hosted by Womens Aid Organisation (WAO) which is a non-governmental make-up (NGO) in Malaysia. The organization aims to promote and create respect, protection and fulfillment of equal rights for women. The idea is that no one deserves to be convolute (About us, n. d., WAO Vision and Mission).For to a greater extent than six months of planning, the campaign was brought to life by Art Director, Justin Phang and his team and it was successfully launched at Publika, Kuala Lumpur on 8th March 2014. The campaign is supported by studio apartment DL, Publika, TWBA Kuala Lumpur, My Hero Hypermarket and the US Embassy.ResearchIn Malaysia, 39% of women are estimated to have faced domestic violence, but they often hide the truth of this social fuss due to the traditional belief in the privacy of the family and the closeness of marriage relationships. According to a national research study in Malaysia which is conducted by WAO surrounded by 1990 and 1992, 1.8 million or 36% of women above the age 15 were beaten by their partners. In 1989, only 909 of them actually reported violence to the police (Domestic Violence, n.d., The Malayan Context, para. 1).Many women who face domestic abuse may experience difficulty in understanding and handling the matter. They may non unconstipated know the abuse and continue to justify it ignorantly. Many of them do not know their rights and what to do if they are being abused by their partners. Therefore, the Domestic Violence Act was use in 1996 to protect women from being battered and abused.Domestic violence does not just a ffect women but likewise children. Children go forth be affected not only physically but also mentally. They bequeath feel powerless and have low self esteem. Many of them may not trust tribe easily anymore. Besides that, many children who witness abuse will either become withdrawn, turn aggressive, or they may exhibit bullying behaviour towards another(prenominal) children.(The do of Domestic Violence (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/The+Effects+of+Domestic+Violence+on+Children_106_62_1.htm)Based on the story of Sanjeev, a witness of domestic violence that we give in our research, Sanjeev started to witness his contract ab using his mother when he was only two years old. He realized that his mother was beaten by his father even before he was born at a later time. In one particular incident, Sanjeev witnessed his father tried to hit his mother by using a chair and threatened her with a knife. Sanjeev saw all these through a keyhole. At that time, his brothers and sisters were with him. He proclaimed, Feel like kicking him One centime also wont give him and Hes no more in my family, when he was asked about how he felt towards his father. (The Effects of Domestic Violence (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/The+Effects+of+Domestic+Violence+on+Children_106_62_1.htm)Domestic violence brings bad impact to children. Children are weak and helpless witnesses of the violence that happens in their homes because they are no fitting to oppose. Mothers incessantly feel that it is hard to escape from their abusive partners and tell themselves to stay until their children grown up to give them a better and complete condition for development. It happens as the father is the real economical support of the family. However, these experiences of growing up in an abusive environment might have a long-term impact on childrens gets. (The Effects of Domestic Violence (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/The+Effects+of+Domestic+Violence+on+Children _106_62_1.htm)The witnessing of domestic violence by children is a psychological abuse for the child. The childs development of self and social ability will be affected by the abusive fulfil of adult. They will feel fear thus causing them to feel that they live in an unsafe and unstable condition when threaten and abused through verbal or physical. All these factors contribute to an unhealthy condition for child growth. (The Effects of Domestic Violence (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/The+Effects+of+Domestic+Violence+on+Children_106_62_1.htmActionThe main goal of the campaign is to raise public cognizance and education towards domestic violence. The campaign hopes to encourage women who are abuse either physically, mentally or emotionallyto reach out for aid. It aims to educate the public on the issue and provides a ship for victims to seek for help.NoExcuseForAbuse (2014,March 8) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/news_details.php?nid=320ntitle=NoExcuseForAbuse+This objective is in line with its organization, WAO which is to offer emotional and social support and care to women. Asides from that, the organisation goals which is to spread the awareness of violence against women to public and colligate agencies is also publicized through this campaign. About us (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/About+Us_3_3_1.htmThe campaign targets the beginning stage of domestic violence in which the situation has not aggravated into a serious state. It is generally aimed at women who are under abuse and are not sure whether the experience that they are going through is normal. They hope to send out the pass on that any sort of abuse whether it is physical, verbal or emotional should not be tolerated. Hence the slogan, Be it physical, verbal or emotional, on that points NoExcuseForAbuse.NoExcuseForAbuse (2014,March 8) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/news_details.php?nid=320ntitle=NoExcuseForAbuse+CommunicationsIn order to achieve the campaigns goal, several events had been organized to ensure its success. Firstly, an initiation art exhibition was held at Publika, Kuala Lumpur from 8th March till 17th March 2014. Subsequently, it was held at My Hero Supermarket in Puchong and Sri Damansara from 22nd March till 31 March 2014.The exhibition portrays hand-stitched actors line of the voices of victim survivors on blouses. Its alright, he apologised. He said hell never do it again. and Im afraid of him, but leaving him will bring shame to my family weresome of the voices have on the blouses. Theaim of the exhibition is to create the same feelings and thoughts of what the victims has felt.NoExcuseForAbuse (2014,March 8) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/news_details.php?nid=320ntitle=NoExcuseForAbuse+Secondly, posters of high profile women wearing the t-shirts with the message Be it physical, verbal or emotional, NoExcuseForAbuse were break online on social media. 27 women pledging their support for the campaign namely, YB Hajah Nancy Shukri (Minister in the Prime Ministers Department), YB Hannah Yeoh (Selangor Assembly Speaker), YB NurulIzzah (MP for LembahPantai) and YB Mas ErmieyatiSamsudin (Putri UMNO Chief)were featured on the online posters. The campaign encourages the public to send in their pledge of support by taking photos and posting them on social media with tag NoExcuseForAbuse.NoExcuseForAbuse (2014,March 8) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/news_details.php?nid=320ntitle=NoExcuseForAbuse+Lastly, a helpline was also released on the day the campaign was launched. TINA (Think I Need Aid) is a SMS helpline where members of the public may message to seek for advice or to report any suspicious pillowcase of abuse that they know.It is the first of its kind in Malaysia and they operate from Monday to Friday, 9.00 am till 5.30 pm. Advocacy officer, Sally Wangsawijaya (2014) said that victims especially the younger generation will find the SMS helpline more preferable as it will be like an inf ormal conversation and they can remain anonymous. Additionally, it will also be a safer method for the victims to seek for help if the culprit is nearby. She noted that the victims will be referred to social worker when they are ready as consent is needed before the victims can be counselled. NoExcuseForAbuse (2014,March 8) Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/news_details.php?nid=320ntitle=NoExcuseForAbuse+EvaluationBasing on the data and information that we have collected, we came to an agreement that this campaign has been effective in trying to raise public awareness and education towards domestic violence.As one of the main objectives of the campaign is to reach out to those who are in doubt and confuse about the happenings in their relationship, an installation art exhibition has been launched to inform the public on this matter. We agree that this method is effective in relaying its message as it aims to portray the similar feeling that is go through by the victims through a display of hand-stitched words on blouses that represents the voices of the victim survivors. By putting ourselves in the victims shoe, we feel that this exhibition is able to create the necessary motivation and encouragement to speak out and to seek for appropriate help.In addition, we feel that the pledge of support given by 27 high profile women volunteers is able to send out the message that women can be strong and independent on their own and they should not succumb to abuse. This action is in line with the campaigns main message which is Be it physical, verbal or emotional, theres NoExcuseForAbuse.Asides from that, we retrieve that the SMS helpline, TINA (Think I Need Aid) that was exercise set up is a smart move to further encourage victims of domestic violence to reach out for help. Josiah, I. (n.d). The thought of calling might be in addition much and speaking through the phone may also pose danger especially if the perpetrator is nearby. My teammates and I agree that ca lling might not be the best option for the victims to voice out as some of them could be in doubt and they are worry about the consequence of their actions. We believe that the victims will feel safer to reach out by messaging as they can remain anonymous. Moreover, the victims will not miss out any message that is being relayed as the message sent out could be reread. This method is useful and more convenient to those who might be engage during daytime and to victims where the maltreater is nearby.All in all, we would like to conclude that the campaign, NoExcuseForAbuse has been effective in relaying out its message which is to raise public awareness and education towards domestic violence whilst providing a helpline to those in need. However, we feel that the campaign has yet to be exposed to the whole of Malaysia as it has been launched for only a short period of time and currently there are no on-going events or activities.ReferencesDefinition. (n. d.). Retrieved from http//www. domesticviolencelondon.nhs.uk/1-what-is-domestic-violence-/1-definition.htmlAbout us. (n. d.). WAO Vision and Mission. Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/About+Us_3_3_1.htmDomestic Violence. (n.d.). The Malaysian Context para. 1. Retrieved from http//www.wao.org.my/Domestic+Violence_98_5_1.htm

Point of View in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essay -- Shirley Jackso

Point of View in The LotteryShirley Jacksons The Lottery uses the third-person dramatic point of view to tell a story around an un-named village that celebrates a wicked, annual event. The narrator in the story gives many small details of the lottery taking place, but leaves the most crucial and scarey detail until the end the winner of the lottery is stoned to death by the other villagers. The use of the third-person point of view, with just a few cases of third-person all-knowing propel in, is an effective way of telling this ironic tale, both because the narrators reporter-like blandness parallels the villagers apparent apathy to the lottery, and because it helps build to the surprise ending by giving away bits of data to the reader through the actions and discussions of the villagers without giving away the final twist. The Lottery is primarily told in the third-person dramatic point of view, but on occasion the narrator becomes omniscient to divulge information to the reade r that which is commonly known to the villagers. In paragraph 7, for example, the ...

Anorexia Nervosa :: essays research papers fc

Could you imagine being so afraid of food and the possibility of gaining weight that you would actually starve yourself? Food and eating are pleasures of workaday life we take for granted. Having the life of an Anorexic person fills you with the constant fear of one thing.becoming fat.Eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa are slowly prehend a part of the female adolescent to young adult population. Although, Anorexia Nervosa has only been public since the 1970s, records of the disorder go back as far as 1689. doubting Thomas Morton, an English physician, studied subjects with a disorder he called the wasting disease. He had two cases, which were very similar. One was an eight-teen yr. old girl and the other was a six-teen yr. old boy. Both subjects had similar symptoms. They both had a strong lack of appetite, sensitivity to coldness, and extreme sadness. The girl eventually starved herself to death however, the boy did recover (Gordon 12-13). by means of out the centuries th ere have been many cases of girls fasting, and not due to religious purposes. In the 1870s the disorder became a topic of more medical exam concern. It happened around the time two doctors, Sir William Gull and Charles Lasegue, simultaneously published papers on a number of cases dealing with self-starvation (Alexander-Mott &Lumsden 101-102). Gull actually came up with the margin Anorexia Nervosa, because he believed it was a nervous disease. Both doctors note four distinctive characteristics with each case. All of the patients experienced high levels of hyperactivity. Each of the patients denied the existence of the disorder. Also, they each had singular attitudes toward food. Finally, each patient had pathological family interactions (Gordon 13). Years following Gull and Lasegues discoveries, research continued on this peculiar disorder. Unfortunately for a long check of time Anorexia was confused with Simmonds Disease, an endocrine disorder. So, for awhile Anorexia sufferers were being prescribed the wrong medications, such as thyroid extracts (Gordon 14). Finally, in the 1930s the two disorders were howling(a) between.In 1973 a woman who trained in psychoanalysis, named Bruch, wrote a book on eating disorders. Bruch had previously worked for trio decades with Anorexic and obese patients. She observed that Anorexics had three main characteristics. The first was a distorted body image, a misperception of fat. The second was the inability to identify needs, particularly hunger, but also the whole range of emotions. The pass away characteristic was a feeling of ineffectiveness, lack of self-worth (Matthews 30).